Bleeding is an Ailment that deals Physical damage over time, and lasts 5 seconds by default. Damage from Bleeding bypasses Energy Shield

Bleeding deals an extra 100% damage while the target is moving, or if the Bleeding is Aggravated.

Physical damage from Hits Contributes to Bleeding Magnitude.

Damage does not Contribute to Bleeding chance, so it cannot be inflicted without an explicit source of Bleeding chance.

The base Magnitude of Bleeding is Physical damage per second equal to 15% of the Pre-mitigation Physical damage of the Hit that inflicted it. This magnitude is not further affected by any modifiers to the damage you deal.

Modifiers and Debuffs that affect the enemy's ability to mitigate damage (such as Shock) can affect the damage the enemy takes from Bleeding, but any such modifiers that specifically apply to Hit damage (such as Armour Break) do not affect Bleeding damage.

Chill is an Ailment that Slows the afflicted target, and lasts 2 seconds on players or 8 seconds on non-players by default. Chill Magnitude depends on the Chilling damage dealt relative to the target's Elemental Ailment Threshold, with a minimum of 30% and a default maximum of 50%.

Cold damage from Hits can Chill by default, and does not require a chance to inflict Chill. However, Chills smaller than 30% will be ignored, so small Hits can fail to Chill.

Ailments that deal damage are Bleeding, Ignite, and Poison.

Elemental Ailments are Ignite, Chill, Freeze, Shock, and Electrocute.

Freeze is an Ailment that causes targets to be unable to move or act, and lasts 4 seconds by default.

Cold damage from Hits Contributes to Freeze Buildup on enemies until they become Frozen.

Ignite is an Ailment that deals Fire damage over time, and lasts for 4 seconds by default.

The chance for a Hit to Ignite a target is determined by the total Magnitude of Flammability on the target, including the amount added by that Hit.

Fire damage from Hits Contributes to the Magnitude of Ignite, so Hits dealing more Fire damage inflict stronger Ignites.
The base Magnitude of Ignite is Fire damage per second equal to 20% of the Fire damage dealt by the Hit that inflicted it. This is calculated using the final damage dealt by the Hit, but not any modifiers on the target that affect how much damage they will take from the Hit. This Magnitude is not further affected by any modifiers to the damage you deal.

Modifiers and Debuffs that affect the enemy's ability to mitigate damage (such as Shock) can affect the damage the enemy takes from Ignite, but any such modifiers that specifically apply to Hit damage (such as Penetration) do not affect Ignite damage.

Flammability is a Debuff that provides the chance for Hits to Ignite the target. It is not itself an Ailment, but is closely associated with Ignite, which is.

Fire damage from Hits Contributes to the Magnitude of Flammability, so Hits that deal more Fire damage will Ignite more often.

The base Magnitude of Flammability is 1% chance to Ignite the target for every 5% of the target's Ailment Threshold dealt as Fire damage. Flammability from a Hit is applied before that hit checks whether it should Ignite the target, and so will affect that chance for that Hit to Ignite.

Since chance for Hits to Ignite comes from Flammability on the target, modifiers which increase the chance to inflict Ailments will increase the Magnitude of Flammability inflicted.

Effects which do not Hit targets, but Ignite as if they had, such as Ignited Ground, also inflict Flammability, but do not roll a random chance to Ignite. Such effects will only Ignite once the total Flammability on the target reaches 50%.

Multiple instances of Flammability stack, raising the chance for Hits to Ignite the target up to 100%. Each instance of Flammability has its own independent duration, lasting 8 seconds by default.

Ailments that do not deal damage are Chill, Freeze, Shock, and Electrocute.

Poison is an Ailment that deals Chaos damage over time, and lasts 2 seconds by default. Damage from Poison bypasses Energy Shield.

Physical and Chaos damage from Hits Contribute to Poison Magnitude.

Damage does not Contribute to Poison chance, so it cannot be inflicted without an explicit source of Poison chance.

The base Magnitude of Poison is Chaos damage per second equal to 20% of the Pre-mitigation Physical and Chaos damage of the Hit that inflicted it. This magnitude is not further affected by any modifiers to the damage you deal.

Modifiers and Debuffs that affect the enemy's ability to mitigate damage (such as Shock) can affect the damage the enemy takes from Poison, but any such modifiers that specifically apply to Hit damage (such as Penetration) do not affect Poison damage.

Shock is an Ailment that causes targets to take 20% increased damage, and lasts 4 seconds on players or 8 seconds on non-players by default.

Lightning damage from Hits Contributes to chance to Shock enemies. The higher the Lightning damage dealt, the higher the chance. By default a Hit has 1% chance to Shock for every 4% of the target's Ailment Threshold dealt.

Electrocution is an Ailment that interrupts the target's actions and prevents them performing any action, and lasts 5 seconds by default.

Only Lightning damage from Hits with specific skills or effects Contributes to Electrocution Buildup on enemies until they become Electrocuted. Other sources of Lightning damage will not build up towards Electrocution.

50% of damage from Suppressed Hits and Ailments they inflict is prevented.

Shock and Electrocute are Lightning Ailments.

By default, specific Ailments are calculated based on only specific damage types, such as only the Fire damage of a Hit mattering when inflicting Ignite.

Allowing another damage type to contribute to an Ailment means that all damage of the relevant types is summed when performing calculations for that Ailment.

For Ailments that use Hit damage to determine Ailment chance or buildup, this means that the damage type becomes capable of inflicting that Ailment. For Ailments that only use Hit damage to determine Ailment Magnitude (i.e. Bleeding and Poison), you still need a way to apply those Ailments (e.g. a source of Bleeding or Poison chance).

Modifiers to Ailment Application apply to:
Bleeding, Poison and Shock chance
Flammability, Freeze and Electrocution Buildup.